Riveting apparatus



Filed Aug. 3, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR l CARL W CHERRY BY MZ@ATTORNEY.

c. w. CHERRY RIVETING APPARATUSl Filed Aug. 5, 1940 Marh 14, 1944.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

` CARL W. CHERRY BY gef/740@ Hija ATTORNEY.

' Mardi 14, 1944- c. w. CHERRY 2,344,127

RIVETING APPARATUS Filed Aug'. s, 1940 ls sheets-sheet 5 INVENT OR.

CA RL W CHERRY ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 14, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT O FFicE RIVETING APPARATUSCarl W. Cherry, Carmel, Calif. Application August 3, 1940, Serial N0.351,278

16 Claims.

This invention relates to a riveting apparatus.

An object of this invention is the provision of a riveting tool intowhich rivets can be quickly and easily inserted and by which the rivetscan be held in the material to be riveted for the application of alignedriveting forces to said rivet. This riveting tool is particularlyadapted for use with rivets having relatively movable parts forperforming the riveting operation from one side of the object lto beriveted; for instance the rivets herein used are the type provided witha movable tension member in a tubular rivet with a tailformer on thetension member at the tail end of the rivet for fastening the rivet inplace. Such a rivet is illustrated in my said .patent and that form isutilized herein for illustrating the operation of this rivetingapparatusfl` Another object of this inventfonfis tov provide a rivetingapparatus whereby all riveting forces may be applied from one side onlyalthough aligned forces are exerted at both ends of the rivet.

Another object of this invention is to provide a riveting apparatuswhich receives the rivets to be applied, holds each in position forriveting, and applies riveting forces with great efnciency; theapparatus including a riveting tool suitably connected to relativelymovable elements for application of forces in aligned oppositedirections but from one side of the object to be riveted; said apparatusbeing adapted to receive the rivets for the rivetingv operation rapidly,and assure speedy, yet uniform riveting.

I am aware that some changes may be made in the general arrangementsandcombinations of the several devices and parts, as well as in thedetails of the construction thereof without departing from the scope ofthe present invention as set forth in the following specification, andas defined in the following claims; `hence I do not limit my inventionto the exact" arrangements and combinations of the said device and partsas described in the said specification, nor do I confine myself to theexact details of the construction of the said parts as illustrated inthe accompanying drawings.

With the foregoing and other objects in view.

which will be made manifest in the following detailed description andspecifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference is had to theaccompanying drawings for the illustrative embodiment of the invention,wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side view of my fluidriveting ap params, partly in section.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the riveting end of theapparatus.

Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the tool head of my apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a detail view the apparatus. y

Fig. 5 is a sectional viewnthe section being taken on the lines 5,-5 ofFig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a fragmental sectional view of a modied rivet holder for myapparatus.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line T1 ofFig. 6. A v

Fig. 8 is a fragmental viewV of a iiuld riveting apparatus for my rivetwith-automatic feed.

Fig. 9 isa fragmental viewof the discharge end of theriveting apparatusshowingathe-rivet feeder in rellingpositionl I Fig. 10 is'partlyanendv-an partlyafcross sectional view ofthe rivetlngfapparatus onf-thelineIll-ID of Fig. 9.

Fig. 1 1 is an end view of the riveting apparatus, in section taken onthe line ll-II of Fig. 8.

Fig. 12 is a fragmental-side view ofthe rivet feeder of the apparatus.

Fig. 13 is. a fragmental sectional view of a modified rivet holderformyriveting apparatus.

Fig. 14 is a fragmental mentioned modiiled riveting apparatus.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of a form of my riveting apparatus showing amanner of application of forces. .f

Fig. 16 is a fragmentai sectional detail view of the riveting apparatusshown in Fig. 15,sh'owing the application of pressure in' stages.

Fig. 17 is a sectionaljview'ofa' -modied form of the rivetrholdertoolhead oi' the riveting apparatus, and

Fig. 18 is a sectional view used with my apparatus.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of the arrangement of the actuating valvesin the handle o1- the riveting apparatus.

My n'veting apparatus is of rivets shown in Fig. 18 assembly I9, made ofa tubular rivet body 20 with the usual rivet head 2| and a shank 29extended through the passage of the rivet body. The rivet shank 29 has atail former 24 at one end'opposite the tail end of the rivet body 20,and has a pulling portion, in this form a pulling head 3| on its 4endof. the shank hoider of of a rivet of the t'ype best fitted for the typeoutside of the head of the rivet body 20. A line of Jsidefviewoi thelast herein, namely a rivet so that the rivet lshank 29 cannot changeits relative position in the rivet body 28 except by the application ofactual riveting forces.

m apparatus herein provides a holder for accommodating the contour ofthe rivet assembly i9 and to receive and hold the rivet assembly |9 inriveting position. a riveting apparatus so related to the holder as toexert relative forces on the shank 28 and the rivet body 20 for formingthe tail of the rivet against the objects to be riveted, vand a feedingmechanism for automatically feeding the rivet assemblies |9 one by oneinto said holder. In general a rivet assembly |9 is fed into the holderand is held thereby so that the tail of the rivet assembly i9 protrudesfrom the holderand can be inserted into the rivet hole 21 and` throughthe objects to be riveted.

such as plates 28 in Fig. 18. The hcideris carried by the rivetingapparatus, such as a so-called riveting gun. which presses one part ofthe holder against the rivet head 2| and pulls another part ofthe/holder with the shank 20 oppositely so as to cause the tail former24 to spread the tail of therlvet body 20 against'the adjacent plate 28.

In carrying out my invention I make use of.' a cylinder 8| and a piston82 which is actuated by compressed air or the like admitted throughi...

from the tool after riveting. the outer sleeve 0i and the tube 9| havealigned slots |02, opposite tosaid intake slots 90 and |0|. A defiectorplate |08 is secured to the outer sleeve 98 and extends across .betweenthe slots III and |02 on an .ineline so as to direct broken rivet endsout through the slots |02.

In operation a rivet assembly i9 is fed into the tool head through theside slots 98 and lli, the ilange 89 being held by spring 94 in contactwith the pressure seat 91 to permit this insertion of the rivet into thetool, as seen in Fig. l, and the rivet is then placed into the rivetholes end- .wise from one side and tail end rst. The pressure seat 91 ofthe tool is pressed against the head of the rivet and as the button 84is pressed pressure is applied to the piston, 82. But since piston 82,piston rod 80, pins 89, collar 98', sleeve 92 and pressure plate 91constitute a solid connection pressing'against the rivet head, piston 82cannotvmove under the impetus of the iiuid which entered the cylinder.However, the cylinder-head opposite piston 82 can move under saidimpetusagainst the torce exerted by the operator in pressing plate 81against the rivet head and in so moving it pulls the miler sleeve 9| andthe frame 8| away from plate 92 to the position a suitable valvemechanism 80 located in a hanl die 80 of the tool. The valve may beopened and closed by a conveniently located pushbutton '84 in the usualmanner. The cylinder 8| terminates in a frusto conical tool head 88 inwhich is a recess 81. In the bottom of the recess are a. plurality, inthis ilhstration three, holes 88, through which latter are movable threepins 89. The end of a piston rod so is guided m the recessi and bearsagainst the inner ends of the pins 89." The other ends of the pins 89bear against the collar 03' of the pressure sleeve 82.

On the tool head 08 is supported the holder which is the aciiiallriveting tool and which includes an inner pulling tube 9| threadedlysecured at its upper end to a central boss 95 on the bottom of the toolhead 86. On the pulling tube 9| is slidably supported an outer pressuresleeve 92 which latter is secured in a shouldered recess 93 in collar 93secured to said sleeve 92. a coil i pressure spring 94 bearing againstthe bottom of the recess 98 and against a shoulder 9B of the tube 9| soas to normally urge the outer sleeve 92 upwardly and against the bottomof the tool head 80 and the pins 89 into recess 81. It is to be notedthat the spring 94 is suillciently strong to push the pins 89 into thetool head 88 when there is no pressure exerted on the piston 82. Thepressure sleeve 92 terminates at its free end in a pressure seat 91which may be so shaped as to iit the rivet head or the adjacent end ofthe tubular rivet. The pressure seat 91, as well as the sleeve 82, isprovided with cut away portions or slots 88 which nt the contour of theparticular rivet in use so as to permit the rapid insertion and removalof the rivets from the sleeve 92. The free end of the pulling tubeterminates in a suitably slotted wall or iiange 99 so arranged that theslot |0| thereof accommodates the former shank 29 of the rivet assemblyi9 with its pulling head 3| engaged by the flange. In order tofacilitate the ejection oi the broken part of the shank 'shown in Fig.2. Thereby the pins 88 are urged -relatively outwardly through thebottom holes 88 as shown in Fig. 2. 'I'he cylinder is thus forced awaylfrom the collar 93 of the pressure sleeve 92 to the position shown inFig. 2. In so doing the cylinder 8| will pull with it the pulling tube9| so as to pull the tension member or shank 29 of the former forspreading and forming the rivet tail as heretofore described. Thereforethe relative movement of the opposed elements of the tool in oppositedirections to each otherA is accomplished in a definite operation sothat the pulling force of one of said elements is transmitted to thefarther end or to the tail of the rivet by means extended through therivet itself. f

The stroke of the tool may be hunted and predetermined by the length ofthe pins 89, or by the suitable location of an exhaust port |04 on thecylinder 8| if it is desired to limit the stroke to less than thatpermitted bythe length of pins 88.

In the modied form of tool shown in Figures 6 and 'l a chuck-like gripis shown to be used with shanks having surface portions to be grippedinstead of having a pulling head. This i'orm includes two jaws |06 xedonthe end of a pulling bar |01 which takes the place of the pulling tube9|. From the jaw |00 extends laterally a A guide pin |08 xed to the jaws|08 and threaded at one lend into the nut ||I. Two jaws |09 are alsoiixed on the end of the pulling bar |01 and wis adapted forcentralinsertion and removal ot the rivet former shank 46 and to bear against"the head of the rivet 41. The sleeve H3' is iixed to the collar 93' andthe pulling bar |01 is connected to the tool head 88 and after insertionof the rivet into the tool operate in the manner heretofore described inconnection with the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2.

The embodiment illustrated in Figures 8 to l2 inclusive shows how therivets may be automatically fed into the tool of Figures 1 through'5shown in Fig. 8 which is adjustable in slots ||5 on the opposite sidesof the chute |I4 at its top. At the discharge end ||6 the chute has.fixed thereto one end of a spring bar which holds a gate consisting ofan L shaped bar Ii 8 under the last rivet in the chute to prevent itskaccidental removal. An abutment cam ||8 on the free end of the springbar H1 is adapted to be struck by a feeding arm |2| so as to move the20- bar H8 out of the way of the lowermost rivet. The spring Ii'l h as aU shaped projection |22 extended from it in spaced relation from the bar8 and with its attached end farther from the chute than the ends of therivets and with its free end betwen the two bottom rivets, and with saidfree end of a length so as to be normally in an out of the way positionbut to move'I with the gate l i8 so that when the gate ||8 is g'movedout of the line of travel of the rivets the projection |22 is movedunder the next rivet in the row atsaid chute discharge end H6. Thus thedischarge of more than one rivet at a time is prevented. After the arm|2| is swung away from the` chute yend ||8 the spring ||1 returnsthegate ||8 and the rejection |22 therewith into their initialpositionsfor the next feeding operation.

' There are two feeding arms 2i fixed in spaced s relation on a rockershaft |23 which lattery is journalled on brackets |24. There is onebracket and thereby to release-the rivet and drop it into the slot 88.In this manner the entire riveting operation may be rendered automatic.

The extent of pressure exerted in forming the tail of a rivet isdetermined by the breaking of the shanks, .which are preferably made ofuniform elastic limit so as to break at the same ultimate stress. Butthe same may be also determined by the length ofthe stroke to which theformer shank is pulled. This can be also accomplished by releasing thegrip on the shank of the former after a predetermined stroke.

An embodiment of suchadjustable grip is shown in Figures 13 and 14. Inthis embodiment the outer pressure sleeve |34 has a pressure seat |38the central laperture |31 of which is large enough to accommodate the"removal of the gripped end 3| f.

of the former shank 28 therethrough. The inner orpulllns vtube is split'at its gripping end so as to form two opposed l:Jaws |38 pivotedtogether at |38. 'Ihe outer surfaces of the Jaws are spaced from theinner periphery of thesleeve |34. A

circularcamring |4| in the sleeve |34 holds the iawsrl38.. together ingripping position. This cam |4|'is of limitedflengthso that as the jaws|38 are withdrawn from the cam ring |4| the same can swingapartsumciently to release the former shank.- vBy adjustingthe positionof thecam ring |4| axially inthe sleeve |34 the length of stroke of theJaws A|38 in gripping position is determined. If the 'c'am i 4| isadjusted farther away from the pressure'seat |88 then'thepull will be|24 on each side of the outer sleeve 82 ofthe tool and the brackets |24extend through suitable slots |28fthr'ough said outer sleeve 82 kand are1 fixed to the inner or pulling tube 8|. On a fixedv lug. |21 oftheouter sleeve 82 is journalled al lever |25 which is journailed at itsother` end to a v crank |28 of the shaft |23 at such aniangle` relailtively to said bracket |24 that when'the lug |21V and the lever |28 arepushed away from the' tool head 86 together withv the outer sleeve82'then the shaft |23 is rocked to move the arms |2| to ,the discharge.end IIB of the chute H4, and

when the outer sleeve 82 and the pulling mem- I ber 8| are returned totheir initial relative posi# tion, then the arms |2I are swung into aparallel position with .and along the sleeve-82. v

exerted through allonger stroke before the jaws |38 are spread apartand-.vice versa.' The cam y ring |4"f may be xed in numerous adjustedposi,- tions by means. of apinfylufextended from lit through an inclinedslot`- -'|y43 in one side ofthe pressure sleeve |34 and maybe drawntight by a locking nut |44 or the like. The cam |4| is split at onesideso' as to provide a gap of sufficient width to allow insertion of theshank of the rivet assembly therethrough within the range a of theaverage adjustment offits position.

The applicationof forces for the riveting operationv with alcomparatively small stroke but 'withgreat power is accomplishedin thisapparai tus in the manner shown in'Figures y15- and 18.

Inthecylinder |5|'of this form works a primary pistonl |52. flhepiston|52 is operated by either .hydraulic orrpneumatic pressure through aconduit |53 which is connected to the valve mecha-'- the'handle83. Thevalve mechanismv so is eentreued by the pusnbutten a4. 'r'heeyi-V nism"in meer mf 1s divided inte two chambers by e trade verse partition wall|54, said wall being secured to the outer shell 8| by screws |54'. Acoil Each arm |2i has a leaf springy |3| fixed across P its free end sothat the said leaf springs-13| can grip a rivet between them. In orderto receive a rivet from the chute the ends of the leaf sp |3| nearestthe chute are spreadk apart'byears 32 extended from the chute dischargeend I |8iso |3i. The other unspread endsof the leaf springs f |3|prevent the falling out of therivet. As the,

spring |58 between the partition wall |54y and i the piston`1|52normally urges the piston |52 toward the handle end ofthe cylinder |5I.Abutment pins |51 extend from the partition wall |54 toward the piston|52 sons to limit the stroke of said piston |52 to e predetermineddistance from eem the rivet inte suon position that' the rivet isaligned with the'slots 88 and lli of the pressure sleeve 82 and of thepulling tube 8| as shown in Fig. 8. In this returned position said otherends of the leaf springs |3| strike against spreading projections |33 atthe edges of the slot 88 of the pressure sleeve 82 so as to be priedapart v n the. partition wall |54. that a. rivet can drop between theleaf springs .Y Vents |58 aroundv the periphery of-.the cylinder |5|vare located at a level slightly above the position of the piston |52atjthe end of its power stroke. Through these vents |53 the pressurefrom the cylinder |5| may be released at the vend of the power stroke ofthe piston |52 thereby facilitating the return of the piston |52 by theaction of the spring |58.l A

piston rod |58 extends fromthe piston |52v through suitable packingglands and through the partition wall |54 intoa-secondary pi n |82,which latter is aj enlarged hollow head |88.. Y

long hollcwtube with an g v The top oi' the piston head |63 is suitablypacked and slidably guided on a hollow boss |64 which latter is extendedfrom the under face of the partition wall |54. On the lower end of thetubular secondary piston |62 is fixed a pressure tip |66 which is guidedon the recess 81 of the tool head 86 and bears against the pins 89 inthe manner heretofore described in connection with the operation of thepiston rod 98 of the form shown in Figures 1 and 2. A second coil spring|61 bears at one end thereof against a shoulder inside the tool head 86Iand at its other end against the underside |68 of the piston head |63 soas to urge the secondary piston |62 toward the partition wall |54. Thissecond spring '|61 is shown herein as an upwardly tapering conical coilspring. A cross pin |69 extended through the piston rod |59 near itsfree end limits the stroke of the piston rod |59 outwardly of thepartition wall |54. This secondary piston |62 and its hollow head |63are filled with grease or like fluid so that the secondary piston |62may be pressed into contact with pins 88 by the hydraulic pressurecreated by the displacement action of the piston rod |66 on the fluidAin the closed chamber of the hollow secondary piston |62. This fluidpressure acts on the interior shoulder 1| of the hollow piston head |63and on the inner surface |12 of the closed bottom of the piston rod |62and against the fixed inner surface of the hollow boss |64. The forcethus exerted moves the secondary piston |62 toward and into the toolhead 86 and applies the ultimate power to the outer shell 8| of therivet holder which operates -as heretofore described in connection withthe operation of the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2.

By the differential action between the operation of the primary piston|52 and the secondary or booster piston |62 the power is stepped up andthe stroke is shortened resulting in a short and powerful stroke forriveting. As the first piston |52 is returnedfrom its power stroke bythe spring |56 the second spring |61 returns the secondary piston |62 toits initial position according to the withdrawal of the piston rod |69.The return movement of the secondary piston |62 is limited by the lengthof the hollow boss |64 against which the inner shoulder |1| of thepiston head |63 abuts at the top of its stroke. In the form of thisapparatus as herein illustrated it was found that about a four andthree-eighths of an inch stroke of the primary piston |52 will cause adisplacement of about three-eighths of an inch stroke of the secondarypiston |62, with corresponding boosting of the power applied forriveting.

An embodiment of the handle valve mechanism 80 for the controlof theapparatus is shown in Fig. 19 somewhat diagrammatically. In the handle83 is a valve body |13 with parallel passages |14 and |16 the formerconnected to a hose |11 andthe latter connected to the control conduit|53. The passages |14 and |16 are connected to each other by a bypass|18 extended transversely in the valve body |13, A suitable valve, suchas a tire valve |19, in case of pneumatic operation of the first piston|52, is provided between the intake passage 14 and the by-pass |18.Another similar valve |8| is provided between the 'cy-pass |18 andoutside of the valve body |13 leading into the hollow handle 83. 'I'helatstr valve |8| is in registry with the passage |1 Both valves |19 and|8| face with their release stems |82 toward the push button 84 in saidhandle 83. The stem |82 of the intake valve |18 is extended through theend of the valve body |13. The stem |82 of the other valve |8| alsoprotrudes from theend of the valve body |13. A lever |83 is fulcrumed atits middle portion in front of the endof the valve body |13 so that theopposite ends of the lever |83 abut the respective valve stems 82 andact simultaneously and opDOsitely on said stems |82. The lever |83 is sopositioned that in its normal position the intake valve |19 is allowedto close, but the other valve |8| is held open, A compression springindicated at |84 normally urges the lever |83 into a position where thevalve |19 is open and the other valve |8| is closed. The pushbutton 84is in engagement with the end of the lever |83 opposite the intake valve|19 so that as the button 84 is pushed it moves the lever |83 so as toopen the intake valve |19 and close the exhaust valve |8|. Thereforewhen the button 84 is pushed the pressure medium is admitted through theintake valve |18, by-pass |18 and passage |16 to the conduit |63 so asto act on the primary piston |62 as heretofore described. When thebutton 84 is released the lever |82 is automatically returned to itsstarting position thereby closing the intake valve |19 and opening theexhaust Valve |8| so that the pressure medium is discharged from thepath of the returning piston 52 through the conduit |53, passage |16 andthe exhaust valve |8| into the chamber in the handle 83. The pressuremedium can be discharged then from the handle 83 through a vent |86which may have an exhaust conduit connected thereto for use withpressure medium other than air.

The modified form of the holder or riveting tool shown in Fig. 17 issubstantially the same as the holder heretofore described, except thatthis modified form shows a mounting of the holder on ariveting gun orapparatus wherein a. reciprocating rod |81 is connected to the Dullingmember 88 so as to pull said pulling member |88 when power is applied tothe rod |81. The outer pressure sleeve I|89 of this form is fixedlymounted on the face |9| of the riveting gun, In

' this form the pressure seat |92 is flat and has a slot |93 to fit theneck of the stem or shank 28. In this form the rivet is placed into theslots ot the holder so that the pulling head is nested on the end of thepulling member |88, as in the form shown in Fig. 2. Pressure on therivet head is exerted by holding the riveting apparatus or gun so thatthe pressure seat |92 is pressed manually against the rivet head holdingthe rivet in position in the rivet hole. The power is applied insuitable manner for relative axial movement of the pulling member |88relative to the pressure seat |92 so as to form the rivet tail asheretofore described.

It is to be noted that the relation between the head engaging ends ofthe pulling tube 9| or the pulling member |88, the respective pressureseats 9'1 and |92, and the respective side slots of the holder is suchthat a rivet assembly I9 can be inserted sidewise into the holderthrough the side slots and assume its operative position wherein therivet head is at the pressure seat of the holder and the pulling head ofthe rivet assembly is interlocked with the end of the pulling tube orpulling member ready for the riveting operation. 'Ihe holder then holdsthe rivet assembly in this position for insertion into the rivet holeand throughout the riveting operation. The predetermined relativeposition of the shank and the rivet tube of the rivet assembly holds theengage a portion of the rivet head and the pulling head of the rivetshank in a uniform constant spacing and contour which lsubstantiallyiits into the mntour of the side slots, pressure seat and end of thepulling member of the respective holders. 'I'he feeding mechanism canhandle such rivet assemblies of uniform constant contour quickly andfeed them into the holder to be acted upon uniformly during the rivetingoperation. This with the uniform predetermined stroke of the apparatuscombines in quickly and efllciently performing the riveting operationsherein described.

I claim:

l. In a riveting apparatusfor setting a rivet assembly of the type inwhich a tension member with a tail former on it is assembled inpredetermined position within a tubular rivet; a pair of relativelymovable riveting elements, a pressure member on one of said elements forengagement with the head of said rivet assembly, engagement means ontheother riveting element for engaging a portion of the tension member ofsaid rivet assembly spaced from the rivet head, means to exert oppositeforces on said riveting elements to move one of said riveting elementsoppositely to the other for forming a fastening rivet tail on saidrivet, said riveting elements having coactingreceiving side aperturesysubstantially corresponding to the contour of the rivet assembly fromthe rivet head to the end of the 3Q tension member outside of said rivethead, and being adapted to laterally receive each rivet assembly whensaid riveting elements are in their initial position for engaging saidrivet head and tension member of said rivet assembly.

2. In a riveting tool for a rivet assembly in which a tension memberwith a tail former is extended through a tubular rivet, a pair ofcoacting' elements being movable axially relatively to each other, apressure member on one of said elements 40 being adapted to be pressedagainst the rivet head, engagement means on the other element to tensionmember outside of said head so as to pull said tension member duringthel relative movement of said elements, said coacting elements, saidpressure member and said engagement means having aligned openings in thesides thereof for the sidewise insertion of the vportion of the rivetassembly from the M, rivet head to the free end of the tension member,and means to apply oppositely acting forces to said coacting elements.

3. In a riveting tool for a rivet assembly in which a tension memberwith a tail former is extended through a tubular rivet, a pressureelement adapted to exert pressure on the head of the rivet, a pullingelement adjacent the pressure element, said elements being axiallymovable relativelyto each other, engagement means on the pulling elementto engage a portion of the tenu" sion member outside the rivet head forpulling the same, said pressure element, pulling element, and engagementmeans having recesses on a side thereof aligned in the initial positionof said elements so as to receive a rivet assembly in align- ,55 mentwith said `pressure element, pulling element and engagement means, andmeans to exert:A forces on said elements in opposite directions to- Yeach other for forming the fastening rivet ta`ll;'-'`*V v4. In ariveting tool for setting a rivet assem- 70 -bly of the type in which atension member with a tail former is extended through a tubular rivetand there is an engagement head on the tension member outside the rivethead; a pair of coacting elements movable axially relatively to eachother,

5 one of said elements being adapted to be pressed against the rivethead, an engagement portion of the other element fitting to theunderside of the engagement head of the tension member for exerting apull on the engagement head, the spacing of said engagement portionv andthe pressure face of said pressing element when -said elements are intheir initial position being the same as the spacing between the rivetvhead and the engagement head of the rivet assembly.

5. Inv a riveting apparatus, a riveting tool for use with a rivetassembly having a tension member extended through a tubular rivet andhaving an engagement head on the tension member outside of the rivethead, a pair or elements telescoped one into the other and being movableaxially relatively to each other, a pressure end on one of said elementsadapted to bear against the rivet head, a pulling head on the otherelement adapted to engage the engagement head of the rivet tensionmember, said elementshav-l ing aligned side inlets for the insertion ofa rivet assembly in a predetermined position into said telescopingelements so that the rivet head is engaged with the pressure end and theengagement head is engaged with the pulling head, and means to applyriveting forces to said telescoped elements.

6. In a riveting apparatus, a riveting tool for use with a rivetassembly having a tension member extended through a tubular rivet 'andhaving an engagement head on the tension member outside of the rivethead, a substantially tubular element, a second substantially tubular.yelement vaxially movable Within the iirst tubular'element.

a pressure seat at the end of the first 'tubular element for engagingthe rivet head, al pulling head onfthe end of the second tubular elementfor engaging the engagement head on the tension member, said tubularelements 4having registering openings on the sides thereof for receivingsaid rivet assembly therethrough sqathat the rivet head and theengagement head ofsaid rivet assembly are in operative relationrespectively tol the pressure seat and the pulling head of said tubularelements; and means to apply force for the relatively opposite movementof said tubular elements so as to form the fastening rivet tail.

7. In a riveting apparatus, a riveting tool for use with a rivetassembly having a tension member extended through a tubular rivet andhaving an engagement head on the tension member outside of the rivethead, a substantially tubular element, a second substantially tubularelement axially movable within the iirst tubular element, a pressureseat at the end of the rst tubular element for engaging the rivet head,a pulling head on the end of the second tubular element for engaging theengagement head on the tension member, said tubular elements havingregistering openings on the sides thereof for receiving said rivetassembly therethrough so that the rivet head and the engagement head ofsaid rivet assembly are in operative relation respectively to thepressure seatl and the pulling head of said tubular elements; means toapply force for the relatively opposite movement of said tubularelements so as to form the vfastening rivet tail until the tensionmember is broken, and an ejector guide extended substantially acrosssaid tubular elements to guide the broken portion of the tension memberto the outside of said tubular elements, said tubular elements havingregistering discharge apertures for the dis- 6 charge of the broken partof therefrom.

8. In a riveting apparatusk for setting a rivet assembly of the type inwhich a tension member with a tail former on it is assembled inpredetermined position within a tubular rivet; a pair of relativelymovable riveting elements, a pressure member on one of said elements forengagement with the head of said rivet assembly, engagement means on theother riveting element for engaging a portion of the tension member ofsaid rivet assembly spaced from the rivet head, said pressure member andsaid engagement means having intake recesses in a side thereof alignedL- receive a rivet assembly in the initial position of said pressuremember and engagement means, means to exert opposite forces on saidriveting elements at will so as to move one of said riveting elementsoppositely to the other for forming a fastening.rivet tail on saidrivet, means to automatically feed said rivet assemblies to saidriveting elements, said last means including a mechanism connected tothe apparatus to carry a plurality of rivet assemblies, and means totransfer said rivet assemblies one lat a time from said carrying meansinto said recesses.

9. In a riveting apparatus for setting a rivet assembly of the type inwhich a tension member with a tail former on it is assembled inpredetermined position within a tubular rivet; a pair of relativelymovable riveting elements, a' pressure member on one of said elementsfor engagement with the head of said rivet assembly, engagement means onthe other riveting element for engaging a portion of the tension membero1' said rivet assembly spaced from the rivet head,

the tension member said pressure member and said engagement means havingintake recesses in a side thereof 11. In a riveting apparatus for rivetassemblies having a tension member with a tail former extended through atubular rivet, the combination with-a pair of coacting riveting elementsengaging respectively the rivet head and the tension member so as totransmit opposite forces thereto for forming a fastening rivet tail, apower applying? mechanism comprising, a casing, the riveting l'elementengaging the tension member being connected to said casing, a powerapplying member in said casing, means to normally maintain the rivethead pressing element in contact with the riveting element connected tothe tension member, and means of connection between said power applyingmember and said rivet head pressing element to exert pressure on saidrivet head pressing element so that the power applied through said powerapplying means moves said casing and said riveting element connected tothe tension member away from said rivet head pressing element so as topull the tension member for forming the rivet tail.

12. In a device of the character described, a cylinder, a piston workingin the cylinder, means to connect said cylinder to a working tool, apartition in the cylinder, a hollow guide extended from said partition,a fluid lled chamber in said piston, a displacement element slidablyextended through said partition and reciprocable into and out of saidchamber, another piston of a different stroke than the first pistonconnected to said displacement member for moving the same in aligned toreceive a rivet assembly in the initial position of said ment nans, andmeans to exert opposite forces to said riveting elements at will so asto move one of said riveting elements oppositely to the other forforming a fastening rivet tail on said rivet, means connected to theapparatus to carry a plurality of rivet assemblies, and means actuatedby the relative movement of said riveting elements to feed a rivetassembly from said carrying means into said recesses upon the rivetingelements being returned to 'their rivet receiving relationship.

10. In a riveting apparatus for setting a rivet assembly of the type inwhich a tension member with a tail former on it is assembled inpredetermined position within a tubular rivet; a pair of relativelymovable riveting elements, a pressure member on one of said elements forengagement with the head of said rivet assembly, engagement means on theother riveting element for engaging a portion of the tension member ofsaid rivet assembly spaced from the rivet head, means to apply forces tosaid riveting elements so as to move said riveting elements oppositelyto each other for forming a fastening rivet tail on said rivet, saidriveting elements having coasting receiving apertures substantiallycorresponding to the contour of the rivet assembly from the rivet headto the end of the tension member outside of said rivet head so as toreceive each rivet assembly in the initial position of said rivetingelements, and means connected to said apparatus and actuated by therelative movement of said riveting elements after each rivetingoperation to feed a rivet assembly to said receiving apertures of saidriveting elements.

pressure member and engage-A its forward stroke, resilient means to movesaid pistons on the return stroke and pressure elements at the end ofsaid rst piston slidable through the end of the cylinder to bear againstsaid working tool.

13. In a power applying device of the character described, a cylinder, aprimary piston working in the cylinder, a secondary piston in saidvcylinder. a partition between said pistons, a guide on said partitionto guide said second piston in the cylinder, said second piston having afluid filled chamber therein bounded partly by said partition and saidguide, a displacement element slidably extended from said primary pistonthrough said partition and said guide and into said fluid filled chamberin the secondary piston, resilient means to act to cause the returnstroke of said pistons, means to connect said cylinder to a work tool,and pressure elements at the end of said secondary piston being slidablethrough the end of the cylinder adjacent said work tool to bear againstsaid work tool.

14. In a power applying device of the character described, a cylinder, aprimary piston working in the cylinder, cylinder, means to guide saidsecond piston in the cylinder, said second piston having a closed nuidfilled chamber therein bounded partly by a relatively stationary surfacein said cylinder, a displacement element extended from said primarypiston into said fluid filled chamber in the secondary piston, resilientmeans to act to cause the return stroke of said pistons, means toconnect said cylinder to a work tool, and pressure ele- .ments at theend of said secondary piston being slidable through the end of thecylinder adjacent said work tool to bear against said work tool theratic'between the displacement of saidv displacement element in saidfluid chamber and the displacement of the primary piston being such thatthe resultant stroke of the secondary piston is shorter than the strokeof the primary piston to thereby exert an increased force.

a secondary piston in saidl 15. A riveting tool for setting tubularrivets having a tubular rivet body with a head at one end for engagingone side of the riveted structure, and a former stem extending throughsaid rivet body with a former thereon at the other end of the rivetbody, said stem extending beyond the rivet head and having a pullinghead thereon spaced from said rivet, head, said tool comprising apressure member` having an end to bear upon said rivet head, a pullingmember axially movable in said pressure member, and means on saidpulling member to engage said pulling head on the rivet so as to pullsaid former stem so as to form a rivet tail on said other end of therivet body against the other side of the riveted structure, the distancebetween said pulling head engaging means and said pressure end of saidpressure member being substantially the same as the distance between therivet head and said pulling head at the start oi the riveting operation,said pressure member and said pulling member having registering openingson a side thereof conforming to the contour of the rivet assembly fromsaid rivet head to said pulling head at the start of the rivetingoperation to permit insertion of a rivet assembly sidewise into saidriveting tool members, said pressure members and pulling member beingadapted to be engaged by means for simultaneously exerting pressure onthe pressure member and a pulling force on said p member. v

16. A riveting tool for setting tubular rivet assemblies having atubular rivet body with a rivet head on it and a stem extending throughthe rivet body with a former atthe tail end of the rivet body and apulling head thereon spaced outside said rivet head, said rivet body andstem vbeing held together to uniformly space the pulling head from therivet head of each rivet assembly, said* tool comprising a pressuremember having an end to bear on the rivet head, a pulling member axiallymovable in said pressure member, a shoulder in said pulling member toengage the underside of said pulling head of the rivet, and means topull said pulling member from an initial position relatively to saidpressure end of said pressure member and exert a reaction force on saidpressure member for pulling said rivet stem and form a tail on saidrivet body for setting the rivet in the riveted structure, the distancebetween said shoulder on the pulling member and the pressure end of saidpressure member in said initial position being substantially equal tothe distance between the rivet head and the pulling head of the stem ofsaid rivet assembly, said pressure member and said pulling member havingregistering apertures on a side thereof conforming in said initialposition to the contour of the rivet assembly from the rivet `head tothe pulling head for the sidewise insertion of said rivet assembly intothe riveting tool.

` CARL W. CHERRY.

